Tuesday, June 25, 2013

Weekly Reading #6: Rethinking the Research Paper

Quote
“As teachers we can make research more relevant to students’ lives by making it an activity that is done outside, in the community, by exploring students’ environments” (Herrmann, 2012).

I think this is an amazing way to engage students in research and teach them about the appropriate process of analytic methods. However in mathematics, it isn’t normal to do research in school, unless you are at the end of your undergraduate program. But, this could change if students were given the opportunity to research the mathematics involved in their daily lives. We used to teach students how to write a check or balance a checkbook, and now we have to teach them topics that are on a standardized test. We forget about the life-skills necessary and the natural curiosity that children have in their surroundings. Instead of utilizing that curiosity, we diminish and discourage questioning by stating that “that is just the way it is”. We often tell our students that we are teaching them so that they can pass the test at the end of the school year. However, the students care about how they are going to use this in their lives. We have to make topics relevant.


Resource
Student Centered Learning is a video about how education must shift away from the traditional auditory learners that make up about 20% of the school population and make it relevant to all students' needs. I really like the out-of-the box thinking that this video displays. This website also gives an example of a student-centered project that includes Hip Hop. The video is part of a short film series about changing the education paradigm.

Herrmann, B. (2012, Fall). Writing as an Exploration: Rethinking the Research Paper. Wisconsin English Journal, 54(2), 49-51. Retrieved June 25, 2013, from http://journals.library.wisc.edu/index.php/wej/article/viewFile/538/579


Questions
What is the difference between writing a report and “doing research”?

The difference between writing a report and “doing research” is that research is a more complex method than just writing a report. A report highlights and emphasizes texts from books and magazines, while research takes concepts from resources and associates those ideas by making them relevant and/or intertwine them with new knowledge. “Doing research” is applying and digging deep into a topic of study, while writing a report is the gathering of information already given.

How might doing authentic research better prepare students for the 21st century work place? Give specific examples from the “Between a Rock and a Hard Place” reading.

According to the article “Trapped Between a Rock and a Hard Place,” information is a valuable commodity in the fast capitalism of the twenty-first century. It is the most traded resource, and because of this authentic research will better prepare students for the work place than writing a report. Authentic research gives students the unstructured method of conducting and gathering research on topics like it is done in the workplace. Academia has created a structured, regimented process for research that it isn't beneficial for relating real-world research to its students. Authentic research eliminates this regimented and restricted process so that students become better prepared for the twenty-first century workplace’s research and information sharing. 

Why might Constructivist type learning better prepare students for the 21st century work place than Behavioral approaches?

The Behavioral approach is what teachers/professors are doing now for creating research lessons for students. It’s a step-by-step giving of directions, while Constructivist type learning creates information that is transferable to situations in the real world. This includes authentic research, which better prepares students for the twenty-first century as I have stated in the previous question. The student is able to research outside the bounds of structured step-by-step directions in a Constructivist approach, which simulates the real-world where directions are not always given. 

How does authentic research support new media literacies? Make connections to the reading “What Wikipedia Can Teach Us About New Media Literacies Part 1 and Part 2”


According to “What Wikipedia Can Teach Us About New Media Literacies,” new media literacies is a set of cultural understanding and social skills which young people need as they confront the new media landscape of the twenty-first century. Authentic research allows students to learn and practice their skills with new media which is essential in being successful in the workplace by the sharing of information. Authentic research takes information gathered by students and teaches them to relate it to their world or needs. It is important that students know new media literacies in order to create authentic research, as well as share their findings with other peers and professionals in and out of the twenty-first century workplace. 

Week Six: Authentic Research


In the growing technological society, students are becoming more and more familiar with online social media outlets. It is not uncommon for people to meet through Facebook or online dating sites. Facebook itself has started a free online dating service. Students need to become aware of the dangers of meeting people online. This research project is about online awareness as well as a way to instill critical consumer skills in the students. I plan to introduce the research topic by showing the Dr. Phil video, which will lead to students interviewing their friends and/or relatives about their experience and opinion on the benefits and hindrances of online dating. Then I prepared a research article and controversial statistics to give to my students. I want to show them the various types of information and how to research if the statistics given are correct. Wikipedia will give them a background on the topic while some of the other resources will give structure to their research.

Tuesday, June 11, 2013

Weekly Reading #5

  1. What does the term "discursive practices" mean?
Discursive practices, in this reading, are authorized discourses of the setting in which information literacy is enacted as a situated, collective, and embodied practice that engages people with information and knowledge about domains of action.
  1. What does "discourse" mean?
Discourse is a formulated association of concepts and context that are legitimized by the ones interacting within its setting.
  1. What is the "rock" and what is the "hard place"?
The “rock” is a current conception of information literacy, while the “hard place” is the translation and understanding of information literacy practice.
  1. What are the differences between the skills prescribed for information searching in academic and workplace settings?
The information in academia is often formalized by particular rules, regulations and curriculum that are guided by a specific rationale; however, the workplace is messy, complex, and distributed through a range of practices that are entwined to contribute to the collective performance of the work.
  1. How do academic notions of information literacy undermine workplace notions information literacy?
Academic notions of information literacy are an organized depiction of workplace notions of information literacy. Academic information literacy would be far more helpful to students if it represented the vast array of knowledge and skills needed for workplace notions of information literacy.
  1. How are information needs identified in work place setting like nursing and emergency workers?
Information needs are identified in work place settings like nursing and emergency workers by the dominant and codified knowledge of the medical profession, which acts as the knowledge authority in relation to medical need, practice, and procedure. For example, nurses’ information need is developed by doctors that are considered the lead authority. As far as emergency workers, their information needs come from a group working collectively to share information, which in turn allows for common understanding about how practice and performance should proceed to develop.
  1. Why do issues of plagiarism not resonate in workplace settings?
Issues of plagiarism do not resonate in workplace settings because it is considered a collective possession and then is disseminated and circulated throughout the workplace, by storytelling, and extended through the distributed networks of professional practice.
  1. Are information literacy skills transferable across contexts and settings? Why or Why not?
Information literacy skills are not transferable across contexts and settings because one word can be used different ways in various settings. One would have to know in which context it was used in order to fully understand and apply the information given. Information literacy skills are specified to each setting that a person interacts with, and thus, not transferable across contexts and settings.
  1. What is "practice theory"?
Practice theories emphasize the analysis of ways of engaging with the world.
  1. How does the author of this article define information literacy?
Information literacy is a critical information practice that encompasses not only the mastery of information but also a mastery of the information landscape.
  1. How do educators need to change their understanding of information literacy in order to prepare student for the information literacy practices they will encounter in workplace settings?
Educators must focus their research efforts toward understanding information literacy, so that our students can adapt and adopt their information practices to suit ever-changing environments, such as done in the workplace.
  1. What do the terms "ontological" and "epistemological" mean?
Ontological and epistemological means that they are the settings of information and knowledge that bounds the practice of information literacy. They are a critical feature of context and forms part of any holistic analysis of information literacy practice. This is the setting where information is shared, enabled, and/or constrained.
  1. After reading this article, how useful is the traditional research paper we expect students to produce in school in preparing them for workplace settings? What are traditional research papers useful for? Should we still assign traditional research papers?
The traditional research paper we expect students to produce in school is not useful in preparing them for workplace settings. The traditional research papers are useful for describing the purpose of information skills in relation to the research process. I believe that we still should assign research papers because it structures the first baby-steps in gathering information from resources. It makes students think about where the information comes from and teaches some information literacy skills. However, I do not believe that it prepares students for the workplace, unless they were to become a researcher at a University.
  1. What is one of the biggest challenges to changing the way information literacy is conceptualized in school settings?
The biggest challenge to changing the way information literacy is conceptualized in school settings is the idea of it being a collaborative and shared experience rather than an individualistic task. So often, schools promote individual and original work, that students have trouble collaborating with others. It’s these skills that will most benefit a student in the workplace. However, traditions and habits are the most difficult things to break.
  1. What attributes of the 21st century make it essential that educators change their approaches toward information literacy?
Students have to learn to change their information literacy based upon the setting and environment they’re in. Students need to be able to adapt and adopt different information practices, which is what the workplace requires.
  1. What changes can teachers make to their classroom activities to engage students in the information literacy practices they will encounter in 21st century workplace settings?
I believe that research-based group work would be a good way to engage students in the information literacy practices they will encounter in the 31st century workplace setting. Also, giving students a problem and letting them discover strategies to answer that problem would be a good activity for students to become less reliant on structure and more dependent on collaboration with their peers.



Lloyd, A. (2011). Trapped between a Rock and a Hard Place: What Counts as Information Literacy in the Workplace and How Is It Conceptualized? Library Trends, 60 (2) pp. 277-296.

Monday, June 10, 2013

Weekly Reading #4


1.      What surprises you about the strategies digital age students use as they conduct research for course assignments?

I was surprised that Google wasn’t the first choice in research course-related assignments. That’s what I tend to use. I google the topic and then decipher which is a reliable resource for my study.

2.      How accurately do the findings from this study reflect your own research strategies?

Besides the results of Google not being the first course-related resource, the rest is pretty accurate to my own research strategies. I very rarely go to the library, let alone ask the librarian questions on resources for my research. I do use EBSCO for course-related research, and rely mainly on my professors for help on my assignments. In my opinion, this study is accurate.

3.      This study provides a detailed description of the parameters of research assignments typical required for academia. How does it differ from the kinds of research people do in the workplace?

The research assignments typically required for academia aren’t as relevant for workplace research. The only one that may be of importance to the workplace environment are the case studies; however, according to this study, that type of research only takes place about a third (33%) of the time.

4.      Do you think the recommendations to improve research process for college students will better prepare students for the world outside of school?

I agree with the recommendation that students should be given course-related research that encourage the collection, analysis, and synthesis of multiple viewpoints from a variety of sources. This is important in the workplace because you have to be a critical consumer of all types of information, or you could lose money. Also, forming a relationship with librarians and learning the knowledge that they can share with students, will help prepare students for the world outside of school, because they may need to go to a library or ask an “expert” outside of the Internet to find answers to their problems.

5.      Find an image that relates to searching for information.
 
PILStudents sources
By Nojhan (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

Week Five: TrackStar

TrackStar

Research Question: Why the Common Core Initiative?

My TrackStar promotes information literacy because it provides links to opposing views of Common Core. It also guides students through similar experiences that I've had in this class by utilizing websites, such as archive.org and easywhois.com, that help validate the reliability and creditability of online information. This project is designed to show my students the need for common core in school and what that means for them. The problem I had with my TrackStar was trying to format the annotations. I'm not sure how to make lists or tables within the annotation of each link. This makes it difficult to read and follow. Also, I tried to incorporate various informational avenues, such as videos, articles, and websites. My students have to navigate websites, analyze information on webpages, and give resources of their own. I believe that my TrackStar project promotes students' ability to be a critical consumer of information. This helps prepare students for research in the workplace because it structures the research project for students, who may or may not be familiar with the process, and promotes the critical analysis of websites and their authors.

Week Four: TrackStar Research Projects


I like that the following projects walk students through the research. It takes them step-by-step in how to validate the creditability of a website and its information. It allows students to learn information literacy skills without overwhelming them and making them feel lost on how to answer the research question.



This lesson promotes information literacy because it discusses informational biases, national results, and alternative opinions on the controversial research question of whether No Child Left Behind is working. Instead of just answering the question with one source, this lesson goes through various sources so that students can make an informed decision.


This lesson promotes information literacy because students have to gather raw data and analyze it. They not only analyze the data, but the websites to make sure they are valid and reliable. It also discusses the creditability of graphs and charts that display information. These tools can be used to display biased opinions, just as words can on websites.

 
This lesson promotes information literacy because it gives links to various digital media tools, in order for students to learn the answer to the research question about time travel. Websites, videos, and Google are given to the students while questions are presented about the reliability of each source. Students aren’t given the answer to whether sources are valid; however, they are led to the right answer.

Friday, June 7, 2013

Textbooks, Wikipedia and Schooling


Think aloud from hrichards421

The ThinkAloud project was very eye-opening. It gave me some good resources to use when validating the reliability of a webpage. I bookmarked the pages, such as archive.org and easywhois.com, so that I could share these sites with my students when they are doing research. I feel like my ThinkAloud isn't very creative; however, it gets the point across. The website that I had originally found in researching about arming teachers with guns was a webpage that was geared to promote a "safe schools" business. This ThinkAloud helped me see that, when I probably would have accepted it as a reliable source of information.

It is important to provide students with information literacy skills in the digital age because things are not always what they appear. My article looked innocent in nature; however, when I looked into the background of the site and author, it revealed a commercial aspect to its information. It is important for students to be able to find the validity and reliability of a webpage/website. This project is a great learning experience for information literacy. Students would learn more about the reliability and validity of information through this project better than they would trying to learn information literacy skills through a textbook. This project gave me access to websites that helped prove or disprove the validity of websites, as well as see the history and background of the website. This delves deeper into using information literacy rather than reading a textbook and trying to research its validity or reliability of information. This is an authentic learning project that teaches information literacy skills instead of students just reading about how to gain information literacy skills.

  1. How do you feel about using web-based resources instead of textbooks in school?

I believe that Web-based resources are just as reliable or valid as textbooks. With either resource, there can be flaws or errors. The only issue I foresee is the accessibility for web-based resources for students. Some students do not have access to the internet, except through school. However, if it is just using web-based materials like I do (grabbing lessons and projects online and turning them into paper-based activities for the students), then I agree that web-based resources is so much nicer to teach with than the traditional textbook.

  1. What opportunities for the development of information literacy skills for students if they began to learn without textbooks?

There is so much information available on the Internet that students would have to learn information literacy skills in order to appropriately decipher and sift through all the information. Students have to be critical consumers of information in order to validate the reliability of the source. Students don’t do that with textbooks, but they would have to learn with web-based materials. They assume that what is in their textbooks are correct and factual. However, what they don’t know is that teachers often find at least one error in their textbooks that they use.

  1. How do these articles change or support your stance on using Wikipedia as learning resources in the classroom? 

After reading the articles, it just emphasizes my opinion on using web-based resources instead of textbooks within the classroom. “Lessons become clearer when I link the topic to an issue that affects them personally” (Ruth, 2005). This is a lot easier to do with web-based materials. Teachers are freer to innovate and create relevant, real-world problems for their students. Within my own classroom, textbooks collect dust as I grab resources from the Internet to use with the class. The only thing that students use my textbooks for is when they need something to study right before an exam and want extra examples that they can’t get at home, because they don’t have Internet access.

Tamim Ansary proves my point when stating that “the possibilities are endless. And shouldn’t endless possibility be the point” (Ansary, 2004). Tamim was a school book editor for a number of years. The process she had to go through is exhausting work. Doing web-based resources, not only would be less work, but would also teach students how to be informational consumers. Web-based resources have a dual purpose in instruction that the traditional textbook could never reach. I’m not saying that we should “throw the baby out with the bath water”. Textbooks can still be a good source of information, but it doesn’t have to be the main avenue of learning.

4.   Find an image that relates to information literacy and schooling. Embed the image in your blog and provide proper attribution.

 
By Victoriacrews at en.wikibooks [CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], from Wikimedia Commons
 


Ansary, T. (2004, November 10). A Textbook Example of What's Wrong with Education. Retrieved June 8, 2013, from Edutopia: http://www.edutopia.org/muddle-machine

Ruth, G. (2005, February 8). No Books, No Problem: Teaching Without a Text. Retrieved June 8, 2013, from Edutopia: http://www.edutopia.org/teaching-without-text

Thursday, June 6, 2013

Week Three: Validating Websites

I found that the article I used on arming teachers and school staff was a commercial page for School Security consultants. This company is founded by Ken Trump, who is an official consultant on securing schools and communities. The article was biased in its opinion towards not letting school faculty be armed, because of his interests and potential work avenues. It didn't mention the pros to having staff armed, but repeatedly talked about the cons. There were no other resources mentioned to support these claims, other than Trump's own professional opinion. I looked at the archive for the website, from archive.org, and it originally was used to display the company and its services. The website is owned and operated by Ken Trump, according to easywhois.com. I really like the "easywhois" and the "archive.org". I also, looked at the external links and a blog appeared as the only external link. Media Matters is a non-profit organization that tries to disseminate factual and non-factual information from the media and disperse the truth to the public.

_____________________________________________________________________________

What I found:

·         Domain Name: www.schoolsecurity.org

·         Extension: any organization

·         Not a personal page

·         Directory path: trends

·         Website is provided by and directed by 25-year career school security expert, Ken Trump

o    School Safety Consults’ Website

·         Easywhois.com

o    Domain Name:SCHOOLSECURITY.ORG
Created On:21-Mar-1998 05:00:00 UTC
Last Updated On:27-Sep-2009 16:28:10 UTC
Expiration Date:20-Mar-2019 05:00:00 UTC
Sponsoring Registrar:Melbourne IT, Ltd (R52-LROR)
Status:OK
Registrant : email: kentrump@aol.com
Admin ID:10687461628470
Admin Name:Kenneth Trump

·         Archive.org

o    November 11, 1998 (first look of website)

§  Discusses the professional services for safe schools and communities that Ken Trump and his associates can do for the reader.

§  List other professional resources and headline news about safe schools.

·         External links:

o    Linked to other pages on schoolsecurity.org

o    Linked to ken’s blog and twitter

·         Purpose of Links:

o    Promotion of offered services

·         Link command in Google:


§  This is a blog post from solange uwimana on December 20, 2012

§  Media for America claims it is a non-profit organization that monitors, analyzes, and corrects conservative misinformation in the U.S. media

·         Currency:

o    Last updated on April 21, 2013 (my birthday)

o    Expiration date: March 20, 2019

o    The page is not dated

·         Point of View/Biases

o    Against arming teachers

o    Biased because he offers services for schools and communities to make them safer

o    I believe it is a commercial piece

o    It is one-sided on the controversy of arming teachers

·         Accuracy and Reliability

o    There is no other sources listed or cited, except for quotes from Ken Trump

o    No outside links are created inside the article

·         About Intellectual Property/Copyright


o    "National School Safety and Security Services" ® and the service mark of a schoolhouse within a shield ® are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. All rights reserved.

·         Author

o    Ken Trump

o    Provides e-mail, phone number, and location for author

o    Provides credentials and education of Ken Trump as well as interviews with various media outlets, print and otherwise.